Functional Neurosurgery

Conditions treated by Functional Neurosurgery

Epilepsy
Parkinson’s disease
Trigeminal neuralgia
Essential tremor
Dystonia
Psychiatric conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder
Chronic pain (including cancer pain and failed back surgery syndrome)
Spasticity
Treatment resistant neurological disorders

Epilepsy

Although most of the cases of epilepsy can be managed by drug therapy but some cases may need surgical intervention. The surgical procedures performed for the treatment of epilepsy include:

Implants for long-term invasive monitoring
Stereotactic EEG
Resective surgeries, such as lobectomy and seizure focus resection
Disconnection surgeries, such ascorpus callosotomy
Vagal nerve stimulator (VNS) implants
Responsive neurostimulator (RNS) implants
Stereotactic laser ablation
Lesionectomy

Movement Disorders

Movement disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease, dystonia and essential tremor that have not responded to medical management can be managed by Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS). Specific procedures performed include:

Subthalamic Nucleus (STN) in Parkinson's Disease
Globus Pallidus (GPi) for dystonia or Parkinson's disease
Ventral Intermedius Nucleus (VIM) for tremor in essential tremor, Parkinson’s disease or other movement disorders.

Chronic Pain

Chronic pain cases that re not relieved by conservative therapies may respond to following procedures:

Spinal cord stimulation
Occipital and supraorbital nerve stimulation
Intrathecal pain pump implantation
Microvascular decompression
Rhizotomy
Cordotomy

Spasticity

Patients suffering from spasticity due to disorders like cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury or traumatic brain injury etc. may benefit by implanting intrathecal baclofen pumps.

Psychiatric Disease

Patients with severe and medically intractable Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Major Depression can potentially benefit from any of the following surgery.

Deep brain stimulation for OCD & Depression
Vagal nerve stimulation for Depression
Cingulotomy
Subcaudate tractotomy

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Functional Neurosurgery